Table 1

Demographic characteristics, behavioural measures and executive function in patients with ADHD and controls

Characteristic	Group, mean ± SD		Statistics

	ADHD (n = 38)	Controls (n = 34)	t/χ²	p value
Age, yr	8.79 ± 2.11	9.29 ± 1.67	t₇₀ = −1.12	0.27
Sex, male/female	29/9	21/13	χ²₁ = 1.79	0.18
IQ score	120.63 ± 16.34	122.18 ± 13.58	t₇₀ = −0.43	0.67
Conners Parent Rating Scale
Conduct problem	1.11 ± 0.55	0.37 ± 0.32	t₆₁ = 7.03	< 0.001
Psychosomatic	0.44 ± 0.34	0.12 ± 0.21	t₆₃ = 4.71	< 0.001
Anxiety	0.61 ± 0.44	0.32 ± 0.29	t₆₅ = 3.23	0.002
Study problem	1.95 ± 0.61	0.58 ± 0.55	t₇₀ = 9.94	< 0.001
Hyperactivity–impulsivity	1.50 ± 0.72	0.50 ± 0.50	t₆₆ = 6.88	< 0.001
Hyperactivity index	1.46 ± 0.54	0.46 ± 0.39	t₇₀ = 8.93	< 0.001
Stroop Colour–Word Test
Total time, ms	3101.58 ± 789.23	2433.29 ± 1307.40	t₅₃ = 2.59	0.012
Correct answers, n	42.76 ± 17.60	52.91 ± 20.41	t₇₀ = −2.27	0.027
Errors, n	35.08 ± 10.57	32.35 ± 11.29	t₇₀ = 1.06	0.29
Missing, n	43.03 ± 23.41	35.59 ± 21.70	t₇₀ = 1.39	0.17
Continuous performance test
Full scale control quotient	73.16 ± 27.32	79.68 ± 21.57	t₇₀ = −1.16	0.27
Visual control quotient	75.37 ± 27.77	82.76 ± 21.10	t₇₀ = −1.26	0.21
Auditory control quotient	74.21 ± 28.88	80.05 ± 21.95	t₇₀ = −1.09	0.28
Full scale attention quotient	72.32 ± 24.76	95.53 ± 20.46	t₇₀ = −4.31	< 0.001
Visual attention quotient	75.37 ± 23.29	94.65 ± 18.64	t₇₀ = −3.85	< 0.001
Auditory attention quotient	71.21 ± 29.37	95.79 ± 20.89	t₇₀ = −4.05	< 0.001

ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; IQ = intelligence quotient; SD = standard deviation.